Charteris is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Ann Charteris (1913-1981), wife of British author Ian Fleming
- Archibald Hamilton Charteris (1835-1908), Scottish theologian, founder of Life and Work magazine
- David Charteris, 12th Earl of Wemyss (1912-2008)
- Francis Charteris (disambiguation)
- Henry Charteris, principal of Edinburgh University from 1599 to 1620
- Hugo Charteris, 11th Earl of Wemyss (1857-1937)
- John Charteris (1877-1946), British army officer
- Leslie Charteris (1907-1993), British author, creator of "The Saint" Simon Templar
- Luke Charteris (b. 1983), Welsh rugby player
- Martin Charteris, Baron Charteris of Amisfield (1913-1999), private secretary to HM Elizabeth II
- Thomas Charteris (d. 1346), Scottish nobleman and ambassador to England
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