Charnley is a surname and may refer to:
- Bill Charnley, English footballer
- Bryan Charnley (1949–1991), English artist
- Chic Charnley (born 1963), Scottish association football (soccer) player
- Dave Charnley (1935–2012), English lightweight boxer
- Irene Charnley (born 1960), South African businesswoman
- John Charnley (1911–1982), English orthopaedic surgeon
- Josh Charnley (born 1991), English rugby league football player
- Ray Charnley (1935–2009), English association football (soccer) player
- Sam Charnley (1902–1977), Scottish association football (soccer) player
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