Tarkovsky (Russian: Тарковский) is a Russian surname. The feminine form is Tarkovskaya (Russian: Тарковская). This surname may refer to:
- Andrei Tarkovsky, a Russian film director
- Arseny Tarkovsky, a Russian poet and father of Andrei Tarkovsky
- Irma Tarkovskaya, née Irma Raush, a Russian actress and first wife of Andrei Tarkovsky
- Larisa Tarkovskaya, née Larisa Kizilova, a Russian actress and second wife of Andrei Tarkovsky
It may also refer to:
- 3345 Tarkovskij, an asteroid named after Andrei Tarkovsky
Tarkowski may refer to:
- Andrzej Tarkowski (born 1933), a Polish embryologist
- James Tarkowski (born 1992), English footballer