South America
- Argentina
- President – Carlos Menem, President of Argentina (1989–1999)
- Bolivia
- President – Hugo Banzer, President of Bolivia (1997–2001)
- Brazil
- President – Fernando Henrique Cardoso, President of Brazil (1995–2003)
- Chile
- President – Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, President of Chile (1994–2000)
- Colombia
- President –
- Ernesto Samper, President of Colombia (1994–1998)
- Andrés Pastrana Arango, President of Colombia (1998–2002)
- President –
- Ecuador
- President –
- Fabián Alarcón, President of Ecuador (1997–1998)
- Jamil Mahuad, President of Ecuador (1998–2000)
- President –
- Falkland Islands (British dependent territory)
- Governor – Richard Ralph, Governor of the Falkland Islands (1996–1999)
- Chief Executive – Andrew Gurr, Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands (1994–1999)
- Guyana –
- President – Janet Jagan, President of Guyana (1997–1999)
- Prime Minister – Sam Hinds, Prime Minister of Guyana (1997–1999)
- Paraguay
- President –
- Juan Carlos Wasmosy, President of Paraguay (1993–1998)
- Raúl Cubas Grau, President of Paraguay (1998–1999)
- Peru –
- President – Alberto Fujimori, President of Peru (1990–2000)
- Prime Minister –
- Alberto Pandolfi, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1996–1998)
- Javier Valle Riestra, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1998)
- Alberto Pandolfi, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (1998–1999)
- Suriname
- President – Jules Wijdenbosch, President of Suriname (1996–2000)
- Uruguay
- President – Julio María Sanguinetti, President of Uruguay (1995–2000)
- Venezuela
- President – Rafael Caldera, President of Venezuela (1994–1999)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1998
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“I need not tell you of the inadequacy of the American shipping marine on the Pacific Coast.... For this reason it seems to me that there is no subject to which Congress can better devote its attention in the coming session than the passage of a bill which shall encourage our merchant marine in such a way as to establish American lines directly between New York and the eastern ports and South American ports, and both our Pacific Coast ports and the Orient and the Philippines.”
—William Howard Taft (18571930)
“The developments in the North were those loosely embraced in the term modernization and included urbanization, industrialization, and mechanization. While those changes went forward apace, the antebellum South changed comparatively little, clinging to its rural, agricultural, labor-intensive economy and its traditional folk culture.”
—C. Vann Woodward (b. 1908)
“A government deriving its energy from the will of the society, and operating, by the reason of its measures, on the understanding and interest of the society ... is the government for which philosophy has been searching and humanity been fighting from the most remote ages ... which it is the glory of America to have invented, and her unrivalled happiness to possess.”
—James Madison (17511836)