Middle East and North Africa
- Byzantine Empire - (Palaiologan dynasty) -
- John VI Cantacuzenus (1347–1355)
- John V Palaeologus (1341–1384)
- Beylik of Candar - Adil (1346–1361)
- Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia - (Lusignan dynasty) - Constantine III (1344–1362)
- Kingdom of Cyprus - (Lusignan dynasty) - Hugh IV (1324–1359)
- Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt - (Bahri dynasty) - Nasir-ad-Din al-Hasan (1347–1351 and 1354–1361)
- Beylik of Karaman -
- Alâeddin Halil Mirza Bey (1333–1348)
- Bedreddin I. İbrahim Bey (1312–1333) and (1348–1349)
- Ottoman Empire - Orhan I, Bey of the Ottoman Empire (1326–1359)
- Empire of Trebizond - (Komnenid dynasty) - Michael Megas Komnenos (1341 and 1344–1349)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1348
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