Liquid Propellant
Common propellant combinations used for liquid propellant rockets include:
- Red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) and kerosene or RP-1
- RFNA and Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH)
- Dinitrogen tetroxide and UDMH, MMH, and/or hydrazine
- Liquid oxygen and kerosene or RP-1
- Liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen
- Liquid oxygen and ethanol
- Hydrogen peroxide and alcohol or RP-1
- Chlorine pentafluoride and hydrazine
Common monopropellant used for liquid rocket engines include:
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Hydrazine
- Red fuming nitric acid (RFNA)
In rockets, three main liquid bi propellant combinations are used
- cryogenic hydrogen oxygen combination system - Used in upper stages and sometimes in booster stages of space launch systems.This is a nontoxic combination. This gives high specific impulse and is ideal for high velocity missions
- liquid oxygen hydrocarbon propellant system - Used for booster stages of space launch vehicles. It has high density and hence allows for a more compact booster design
- storable propellant combinations - used in large rocket engines for first and second stages of ballistic missiles and in almost all bi propellant low-thrust, auxiliary or reaction control rocket engines. They are instant starting and suitable for long-term storage
Read more about this topic: Propellant, Propellant Used For Propulsion
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