Zheleznodorozhny (masculine), Zheleznodorozhnaya (feminine), or Zheleznodorozhnoye (neuter) is a Russian adjective derived from zheleznaya doroga, meaning railroad, and may refer to a number of localities so named because of their proximity to major railways:
- Zheleznodorozhny City District, name of several divisions in the cities of the former Soviet Union
- Zheleznodorozhny Okrug, name of various divisions in Russia
- Zheleznodorozhny, Russia (Zheleznodorozhnaya, Zheleznodorozhnoye), name of several inhabited localities in Russia
- Zheleznodorozhny, until 1969, name of Qo‘ng‘irot, a town in Uzbekistan