Tamil Phonology - Vowels

Vowels

The vowels are called uyir ezhuthu (uyir - life, ezhuthu - letter). The vowels are classified into short and long (five of each type) and two diphthongs.

The long (nedil) vowels are about twice as long as the short (kuRil) vowels. The diphthongs are usually pronounced about one and a half times as long as the short vowels, though most grammatical texts place them with the long vowels.

Monophthongs
Front Central Back
Close ɪ ʊ
Mid ɛ ɔ
Open ə

Tamil has two diphthongs /aj/ and /aw/, the latter of which is restricted to a few lexical items.

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