Neapolitan may refer to:
- Neapolitan, of or pertaining to the city of Naples, Italy and sometimes its wider Duchy or Province of Naples
- Previously a nationality, during the time of the Kingdom of Naples, the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies or the Neapolitan Republics
- Neapolitan cuisine
- Neapolitan language, a language of Naples and environs, in southern Italy
- Neapolitan dialect, a dialect spoken in Naples, in southern Italy
- Neapolitan horse, an extinct horse breed formerly bred in Naples
- Neapolitan ice cream, a mixture of chocolate, vanilla, and strawberry ice cream side-by-side in the same container
- Neapolitan school, of music
- Neapolitan chord (also known as Neapolitan sixth), in music, is the first inversion of a major chord built on the lowered second (supertonic) scale degree
- Neapolitan scale
- Neapolitan Mastiff, a large, ancient breed of dog
- Neapolitan music, music of Naples
- Neapolitan piastra, a currency of the mainland part of the former Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
- Neapolitan sauce, a basic tomato-based sauce derived from Italian cuisine
- Neapolitan ragù
- Neapolitan song, Canzone Napoletana
- Neapolitan pizza, a variety of pizza made according to strict rules
- Neapolitan War
- Napolitan, the name of a pasta dish, which is popular in Japan