List of State Leaders in 1991 - Africa

Africa

• Algeria -
  • President - Chadli Bendjedid, President of Algeria (1979–1992)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mouloud Hamrouche, Prime Minister of Algeria (1989–1991)
    2. Sid Ahmed Ghozali, Prime Minister of Algeria (1991–1992)
• Angola -
  • Communist Party Leader - José Eduardo dos Santos, Secretary of the Popular Liberation Movement of Angola-Labor Party (1979–1991)
  • President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister - Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem, Prime Minister of Angola (1991–1992)
• Benin -
  • President -
    1. Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1972–1991)
    2. Nicéphore Soglo, President of Benin (1991–1996)
• Botswana -
  • President - Sir Quett Masire, President of Botswana (1980–1998)
• Burkina Faso -
  • Head of State - Blaise Compaoré, Head of State of Burkina Faso (1987–present)
• Burundi -
  • President - Pierre Buyoya, President of Burundi (1987–1993)
  • Prime Minister - Adrien Sibomana, Prime Minister of Burundi (1988–1993)
• Cameroon -
  • President - Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
  • Prime Minister - Sadou Hayatou, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1991–1992)
• Cape Verde -
  • President -
    1. Aristides Pereira, President of Cape Verde (1975–1991)
    2. António Mascarenhas Monteiro, President of Cape Verde (1991–2001)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Pedro Pires, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1975–1991)
    2. Carlos Veiga, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1991–2000)
• Central African Republic -
  • President - André Kolingba, President of the Central African Republic (1981–1993)
  • Prime Minister - Édouard Frank, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (1991–1992)
• Chad -
  • President - Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jean Alingué Bawoyeu, Prime Minister of Chad (1991–1992)
• Comoros -
  • President - Said Mohamed Djohar, President of Comoros (1989–1995)
• Congo -
  • Communist Party Leader - Denis Sassou Nguesso, Chairman of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Congolese Labor Party (1979–1991)
  • President - Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of Congo (1979–1992)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Pierre Moussa, Acting Prime Minister of Congo (1990–1991)
    2. Louis Sylvain Goma, Prime Minister of Congo (1991)
    3. André Milongo, Prime Minister of Congo (1991–1992)
• Côte d'Ivoire -
  • President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Côte d'Ivoire (1960–1993)
  • Prime Minister - Alassane Ouattara, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire (1990–1993)
• Djibouti -
  • President - Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President of Djibouti (1977–1999)
  • Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978–2001)
• Egypt -
  • President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–2011)
  • Prime Minister - Atef Sedki, Prime Minister of Egypt (1986–1996)
• Equatorial Guinea -
  • President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister - Cristino Seriche Bioko, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (1982–1992)
• Ethiopia
  • the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia changed into Ethiopia on 27 May 1991
  • Communist Party Leader - Mengistu Haile Mariam, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Ethiopia (1984–1991)
  • President -
    1. Mengistu Haile Mariam, President of Ethiopia (1977–1991)
    2. Tesfaye Gebre Kidan, Acting President of Ethiopia (1991)
    3. Meles Zenawi, Interim President of Ethiopia (1991–1995)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Hailu Yimenu, Acting Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1989–1991)
    2. Tesfaye Dinka, Acting Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1991)
    3. Tamirat Layne, Acting Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1991–1995)
  • Eritrea (secessionist state)
    • Secretary-general of the Provisional Government - Isaias Afewerki, Secretary-general of the Provisional Government of Eritrea (1991–present)
• Gabon -
  • President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
  • Prime Minister - Casimir Oyé-Mba, Prime Minister of Gabon (1990–1994)
• The Gambia -
  • President - Sir Dawda Jawara, President of The Gambia (1970–1994)
• Ghana
  • Head of State - Jerry Rawlings, Chairman of the Provisional National Defence Council of Ghana (1981–2001)
• Guinea -
  • President - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–2008)
• Guinea-Bissau -
  • Head of State - João Bernardo Vieira, Chairman of the Council of State of Guinea-Bissau (1984–1999)
  • Prime Minister - Carlos Correia, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (1991–1994)
• Kenya -
  • President - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978–2002)
• Lesotho -
  • Monarch - Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1990–1995)
  • Head of Government -
    1. Justin Lekhanya, Chairman of the Military Council of Lesotho (1986–1991)
    2. Elias Phisoana Ramaema, Chairman of the Military Council of Lesotho (1991–1993)
• Liberia -
  • Head of State - Amos Sawyer, President of the Interim Government of National Unity of Liberia (1990–1994)
• Libya
  • De facto Head of State - Muammar Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
  • Nominal Head of State - Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa, General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (1990–1992)
  • Head of Government - Abuzed Omar Dorda, General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (1990–1994)
• Madagascar -
  • President - Didier Ratsiraka, President of Madagascar (1975–1993)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Victor Ramahatra, Prime Minister of Madagascar (1988–1991)
    2. Guy Razanamasy, Prime Minister of Madagascar (1991–1993)
• Malawi -
  • President - Hastings Banda, President for Life of Malawi (1966–1994)
• Mali -
  • Head of State -
    1. Moussa Traoré, President of Mali (1968–1991)
    2. Amadou Toumani Touré, Chairman of the Transitional Committee for the Salvation of the People of Mali (1991–1992)
  • Prime Minister - Soumana Sacko, Prime Minister of Mali (1991–1992)
• Mauritania -
  • Head of State - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Head of State of Mauritania (1984–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Prime Minister of Mauritania (1984–1992)
• Mauritius
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Mauritius (1968–1992)
  • Governor-General - Sir Veerasamy Ringadoo, Governor-General of Mauritius (1986–1992)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1982–1995)
• Mayotte (Territorial collectivity of France)
  • Prefect - Jean-Paul Coste, Prefect of Mayotte (1990–1993)
  • President of the General Council -
    1. Younoussa Bamana, President of the General Council of Mayotte (1976–1991)
    2. Hamissi Hassane, President of the General Council of Mayotte (1991)
    3. Younoussa Bamana, President of the General Council of Mayotte (1991–2004)
• Morocco -
  • Monarch - Hassan II, King of Morocco (1961–1999)
  • Prime Minister - Azzeddine Laraki, Prime Minister of Morocco (1986–1992)
  • Western Sahara (self-declared, partially recognized state)
    • President - Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1976–present)
    • Prime Minister - Mahfoud Ali Beiba, Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1988–1993)
• Mozambique -
  • President - Joaquim Chissano, President of Mozambique (1986–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Mário da Graça Machungo, Prime Minister of Mozambique (1986–1994)
• Namibia -
  • President - Sam Nujoma, President of Namibia (1990–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Hage Geingob, Prime Minister of Namibia (1990–2002)
• Niger -
  • President - Ali Saïbou, President of Niger (1987–1993)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Aliou Mahamidou, Prime Minister of Niger (1990–1991)
    2. Amadou Cheiffou, Prime Minister of Niger (1991–1993)
• Nigeria -
  • Head of State - Ibrahim Babangida, President of the Armed Forces Ruling Council of Nigeria (1985–1993)
• Rwanda -
  • President - Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (1973–1994)
  • Prime Minister - Sylvestre Nsanzimana, Prime Minister of Rwanda (1991–1992)
• Saint Helena and Dependencies (British overseas territory)
  • Governor -
    1. Robert F Stimson, Governor of Saint Helena (1988–1991)
    2. Alan Hoole, Governor of Saint Helena (1991–1995)
• São Tomé and Príncipe -
  • President -
    1. Manuel Pinto da Costa, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1975–1991)
    2. Leonel Mário d'Alva, Interim Head of State of São Tomé and Príncipe (1991)
    3. Miguel Trovoada, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1991–1995)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Celestino Rocha da Costa, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (1988–1991)
    2. Daniel Daio, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (1991–1992)
• Senegal -
  • President - Abdou Diouf, President of Senegal (1981–2000)
  • Prime Minister - Habib Thiam, Prime Minister of Senegal (1991–1998)
• Seychelles -
  • President - France-Albert René, President of Seychelles (1977–2004)
• Sierra Leone -
  • President - Joseph Saidu Momoh, President of Sierra Leone (1985–1992)
• Somalia -
  • Somali Democratic Republic superseded by the Somali Republic on 21 July 1991
  • Communist Party Leader - Siad Barre, Secretary-general of the Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party (1976–1991)
  • President -
    1. Siad Barre, President of Somalia (1969–1991)
    2. Ali Mahdi Muhammad, Interim President of Somalia (1991)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Muhammad Hawadle Madar, Prime Minister of Somalia (1990–1991)
    2. Umar Arteh Ghalib, Prime Minister of Somalia (1991–1997)
  • Somaliland (unrecognized secessionist state)
    • declared independence on 24 May 1991
    • President - Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur, President of Somaliland (1991–1993)
• South Africa -
  • President - F. W. de Klerk, State President of South Africa (1989–1994)
• Sudan -
  • Head of State - Omar al-Bashir, Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation of Sudan (1989–present)
• Swaziland -
  • Monarch - Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister - Obed Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (1989–1993)
• Tanzania -
  • President - Ali Hassan Mwinyi, President of Tanzania (1985–1995)
  • Prime Minister - John Malecela, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1990–1994)
• Togo -
  • President - Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Joseph Kokou Koffigoh, Prime Minister of Togo (1991–1994)
• Tunisia -
  • President - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–2011)
  • Prime Minister - Hamed Karoui, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1989–1999)
• Uganda -
  • President - Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Samson Kisekka, Prime Minister of Uganda (1986–1991)
    2. George Cosmas Adyebo, Prime Minister of Uganda (1991–1994)
• Zaire -
  • President - Mobutu Sese Seko, President of Zaire (1965–1997)
  • Head of Government -
    1. Lunda Bululu, First State Commissioner of Zaire (1990–1991)
    2. Mulumba Lukoji, First State Commissioner of Zaire (1991)
    3. Étienne Tshisekedi, First State Commissioner of Zaire (1991)
    4. Bernardin Mungul Diaka, First State Commissioner of Zaire (1991)
    5. Jean Nguza Karl-i-Bond, First State Commissioner of Zaire (1991–1992)
• Zambia -
  • President -
    1. Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia (1964–1991)
    2. Frederick Chiluba, President of Zambia (1991–2002)
  • Prime Minister - Malimba Masheke, Prime Minister of Zambia (1989–1991)
• Zimbabwe -
  • President - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–present)