List of State Leaders in 1981 - Europe

Europe

  • Albania
    • Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944–1985)
    • Head of State - Haxhi Lleshi, Chairman of the Presidium of the People's Assembly of Albania (1953–1982)
    • Premier -
      1. Mehmet Shehu, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1954–1981)
      2. Adil Çarçani, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1981–1991)
  • Andorra
    • Monarchs -
      • French Co-Prince -
        1. Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1974–1981)
        2. François Mitterrand, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1981–1995)
      • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Martí i Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971–2003)
    • First Syndic - Estanislau Sangrà Font, First Syndic of Andorra (1978–1982)
  • Austria
    • President - Rudolf Kirchschläger, Federal President of Austria (1974–1986)
    • Chancellor - Bruno Kreisky, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1970–1983)
  • Belgium
    • Monarch - Baudouin, King of the Belgians (1951–1993)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1979–1981)
      2. Mark Eyskens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1981)
      3. Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1981–1992)
  • Bulgaria
    • Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954–1989)
    • Head of State - Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the State Council of Bulgaria (1971–1989)
    • Premier -
      1. Stanko Todorov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1971–1981)
      2. Grisha Filipov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1981–1986)
  • Cyprus
    • President - Spyros Kyprianou, President of Cyprus (1977–1988)
    • Northern Cyprus (invaded by Turkey)
      • President - Rauf Denktaş, President of Northern Cyprus (1975–2005)
      • Prime Minister - Mustafa Çağatay, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (1978–1985)
  • Czechoslovakia
    • Communist Party Leader - Gustáv Husák, General Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1969–1987)
    • President - Gustáv Husák, President of Czechoslovakia (1975–1989)
    • Prime Minister - Lubomír Štrougal, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1970–1988)
  • Denmark
    • Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
    • Prime Minister - Anker Jørgensen, Prime Minister of Denmark (1975–1982)
  • Finland
    • President -
      1. Urho Kekkonen, President of Finland (1956–1981)
      2. Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland (1981–1994)
    • Prime Minister - Mauno Koivisto, Prime Minister of Finland (1979–1982)
  • France
    • President
      1. Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, President of France (1974–1981)
      2. François Mitterrand, President of France (1981–1995)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Raymond Barre, Prime Minister of France (1976–1981)
      2. Pierre Mauroy, Prime Minister of France (1981–1984)
  • East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
    • Communist Party Leader - Erich Honecker, General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1971–1989)
    • Head of State - Erich Honecker, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1976–1989)
    • Premier - Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1976–1989)
  • West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
    • President - Karl Carstens, Federal President of West Germany (1979–1984)
    • Chancellor - Helmut Schmidt, Federal Chancellor of West Germany (1974–1982)
  • Greece
    • President - Konstantinos Karamanlis, President of Greece (1980–1985)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Georgios Rallis, Prime Minister of Greece (1980–1981)
      2. Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (1981–1989)
  • Hungary
    • Communist Party Leader - János Kádár, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1956–1988)
    • Head of State - Pál Losonczi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967–1987)
    • Premier - György Lázár, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1975–1987)
  • Iceland
    • President - Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland (1980–1996)
    • Prime Minister - Gunnar Thoroddsen, Prime Minister of Iceland (1980–1983)
  • Ireland
    • President - Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (1976–1990)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Charles Haughey, Taoiseach of Ireland (1979–1981)
      2. Garret FitzGerald, Taoiseach of Ireland (1981–1982)
  • Italy
    • President - Sandro Pertini, President of Italy (1978–1985)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Arnaldo Forlani, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1980–1981)
      2. Giovanni Spadolini, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1981–1982)
  • Liechtenstein
    • Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938–1989)
    • Prime Minister - Hans Brunhart, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1978–1993)
  • Luxembourg
    • Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964–2000)
    • Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1979–1989)
  • Malta
    • President
      1. Anton Buttigieg, President of Malta (1976–1981)
      2. Albert Hyzler, Acting President of Malta (1981–1982)
    • Prime Minister - Dom Mintoff, Prime Minister of Malta (1971–1984)
  • Monaco
    • Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
    • Head of Government -
      1. André Saint-Mleux, Minister of State of Monaco (1972–1981)
      2. Jean Herly, Minister of State of Monaco (1981–1985)
  • Kingdom of the Netherlands
    • Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)
    • Netherlands (constituent country)
      • Prime Minister - Dries van Agt, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1977–1982)
    • Netherlands Antilles (constituent country)
      • see under North America
  • Norway
    • Monarch - Olav V, King of Norway (1957–1991)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Odvar Nordli, Prime Minister of Norway (1976–1981)
      2. Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway (1981)
      3. Kåre Willoch, Prime Minister of Norway (1981–1986)
  • Poland
    • Communist Party Leader -
      1. Stanisław Kania, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1980–1981)
      2. Wojciech Jaruzelski, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1981–1989)
    • Head of State - Henryk Jabłoński, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1972–1985)
    • Premier -
      1. Józef Pińkowski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1980–1981)
      2. Wojciech Jaruzelski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1981–1985)
  • Portugal
    • President - António Ramalho Eanes, President of Portugal (1976–1986)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Diogo de Freitas do Amaral, Interim Prime Minister of Portugal (1980–1981)
      2. Francisco Pinto Balsemão, Prime Minister of Portugal (1981–1983)
  • Romania
    • Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party (1965–1989)
    • President - Nicolae Ceauşescu, President of Romania (1967–1989)
    • Premier - Ilie Verdeţ, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1979–1982)
  • San Marino
    • Captains Regent -
      1. Giancarlo Berardi and Rossano Zafferani, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1980–March 1981)
      2. Gastone Pasolini and Maria Lea Pedini-Angelini, Captains Regent of San Marino (April 1981–September 1981)
      3. Mario Rossi and Ubaldo Biordi, Captains Regent of San Marino (October 1981–March 1982)
  • Soviet Union
    • Communist Party leader - Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)
    • Head of State - Leonid Brezhnev, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1977–1982)
    • Premier - Nikolai Tikhonov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1980–1985)
  • Spain
    • Monarch - Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–present)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Adolfo Suárez, President of the Government of Spain (1976–1981)
      2. Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo, President of the Government of Spain (1981–1982)
  • Sweden
    • Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
    • Prime Minister - Thorbjörn Fälldin, Prime Minister of Sweden (1979–1982)
  • Switzerland
    • Swiss Federal Council:
      Kurt Furgler (1971–1986, President), Willy Ritschard (1973–1983), Hans Hürlimann (1973–1982), Georges-André Chevallaz (1973–1983), Fritz Honegger (1978–1982), Pierre Aubert (1978–1987), Leon Schlumpf (1979–1987)
  • United Kingdom
    • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
    • Prime Minister - Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1979–1990)
    • Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Peter Le Cheminant, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1980–1985)
      • Bailiff - Sir John Loveridge, Bailiff of Guernsey (1973–1982)
    • Jersey (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Peter Whiteley, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1979–1985)
      • Bailiff - Sir Frank Ereaut, Bailiff of Jersey (1975–1985)
    • Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
      • Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Nigel Cecil, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1980–1985)
      • Head of Government -
        1. Clifford Irving, Chairman of the Executive Council of the Isle of Man (1977–1981)
        2. Percy Radcliffe, Chairman of the Executive Council of the Isle of Man (1981–1985)
    • Gibraltar (British crown colony until 1981, afterwards British dependent territory)
      • Governor - Sir William Jackson, Governor of Gibraltar (1978–1982)
      • Chief Minister - Sir Joshua Hassan, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1972–1987)
  • Vatican City
    • Monarch - Pope John Paul II, Sovereign of Vatican City (1978–2005)
    • President of the Governorate - Agostino Casaroli, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1979–1984)
    • Holy See
      • Secretary of State - Agostino Casaroli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1979–1990)
  • Yugoslavia
    • Communist Party Leader -
      1. Lazar Mojsov, President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1980–1981)
      2. Dušan Dragosavac, President of the Presidium of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1981–1982)
    • Head of State -
      1. Cvijetin Mijatović, Chairman of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1980–1981)
      2. Sergej Kraigher, Chairman of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1981–1982)
    • Premier - Veselin Đuranović, Chairman of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia (1977–1982)

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