List of State Leaders in 1934 - Europe

Europe

  • Albania
    • Monarch - Zog, King of the Albanians (1925–1939)
    • Prime Minister - Pandeli Evangjeli, Prime Minister of Albania (1930–1935)
  • Andorra
    • Monarchs -
      • French Co-Prince - Albert François Lebrun, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1932–1940)
      • Episcopal Co-Prince - Justí Guitart i Vilardebó, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1920–1940)
    • First Syndic - Pere Torres, First Syndic of Andorra (1933–1936)
  • Austria
    • changed name from Republic of Austria to Federal State of Austria on 1 July 1934
    • President - Wilhelm Miklas, Federal President of Austria (1928–1938)
    • Chancellor -
      1. Engelbert Dollfuss, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1932–1934)
      2. Kurt Schuschnigg, Federal Chancellor of Austria (1934–1938)
  • Belgium
    • Monarch -
      1. Albert I, King of the Belgians (1909–1934)
      2. Charles de Broqueville, Acting Head of State of Belgium (1934)
      3. Leopold III, King of the Belgians (1934–1951)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Charles de Broqueville, Prime Minister of Belgium (1932–1934)
      2. Georges Theunis, Prime Minister of Belgium (1934–1935)
  • Bulgaria
    • Monarch - Boris III, Tsar of the Bulgarians (1918–1943)
    • Premier -
      1. Nikola Mushanov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1931–1934)
      2. Kimon Georgiev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1934–1935)
  • Czechoslovakia
    • President - Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, President of Czechoslovakia (1918–1935)
    • Prime Minister - Jan Malypetr, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1932–1935)
  • Danzig (free city under League of Nations protection)
    • High Commissioner -
      1. Helmer Rostgaard Gommesen Rosting, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1932–1934)
      2. Seán Lester, League of Nations High Commissioner for Danzig (1934–1937)
    • Head of State -
      1. Hermann Rauschning, President of the Senate of Danzig (1933–1934)
      2. Arthur Greiser, President of the Senate of Danzig (1934–1939)
  • Denmark
    • Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912–1947)
    • Prime Minister - Thorvald Stauning, Prime Minister of Denmark (1929–1942)
  • Estonia
    • Head of State - Konstantin Päts, State Elder of Estonia (1933–1940)
    • Prime Minister - Konstantin Päts, Prime Minister of Estonia (1934–1937)
  • Finland
    • President - Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, President of Finland (1931–1937)
    • Prime Minister - Toivo Mikael Kivimäki, Prime Minister of Finland (1932–1936)
  • France
    • President - Albert François Lebrun, President of France (1932–1940)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Camille Chautemps, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1933–1934)
      2. Édouard Daladier, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1934)
      3. Gaston Doumergue, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1934)
      4. Pierre-Étienne Flandin, President of the Council of Ministers of France (1934–1935)
  • Germany
    • Head of State -
      1. Paul von Hindenburg, President of Germany (1925–1934)
      2. Adolf Hitler, Führer of Germany (1934–1945)
    • Chancellor - Adolf Hitler, Chancellor of Germany (1933–1945)
  • Greece
    • President - Alexandros Zaimis, President of Greece (1929–1935)
    • Prime Minister - Panagis Tsaldaris, Prime Minister of Greece (1933–1935)
  • Hungary
    • Head of State - Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920–1944)
    • Prime Minister - Gyula Gömbös, Prime Minister of Hungary (1932–1936)
  • Iceland
    • Monarch - Christian X, King of Iceland (1918–1944)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Ásgeir Ásgeirsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1932–1934)
      2. Hermann Jónasson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1934–1942)
  • Ireland
    • Monarch - George V, King of Ireland (1922–1936)
    • Governor-General - Domhnall Ua Buachalla, Governor-General of Ireland (1932–1936)
    • Head of Government - Éamon de Valera, President of the Executive Council of Ireland (1932–1948)
  • Italy
    • Monarch - Victor Emmanuel III, King of Italy (1900–1946)
    • Prime Minister - Benito Mussolini, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (1922–1943)
  • Latvia
    • President - Alberts Kviesis, President of Latvia (1930–1936)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Ādolfs Bļodnieks, Prime Minister of Latvia (1933–1934)
      2. Kārlis Ulmanis, Prime Minister of Latvia (1934–1940)
  • Liechtenstein
    • Monarch - Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein (1929–1938)
    • Head of Government - Josef Hoop, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1928–1945)
  • Lithuania
    • President - Antanas Smetona, President of Lithuania (1926–1940)
    • Prime Minister - Juozas Tūbelis, Prime Minister of Lithuania (1929–1938)
  • Luxembourg
    • Monarch - Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1919–1964)
    • Prime Minister - Joseph Bech, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1926–1937)
  • Monaco
    • Monarch - Louis II, Prince of Monaco (1922–1949)
    • Head of Government - Maurice Bouilloux-Lafont, Minister of State of Monaco (1932–1937)
  • Netherlands
    • Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890–1948)
    • Prime Minister - Hendrikus Colijn, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Netherlands (1933–1939)
  • Norway
    • Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905–1957)
    • Prime Minister - Johan Ludwig Mowinckel, Prime Minister of Norway (1933–1935)
  • Poland
    • De facto Head of State - Józef Piłsudski, de facto ruler of Poland (1926–1935)
    • President - Ignacy Mościcki, President of Poland (1926–1939)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Janusz Jędrzejewicz, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1933–1934)
      2. Leon Kozłowski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1934–1935)
  • Portugal
    • President - Óscar Carmona, President of Portugal (1926–1951)
    • Prime Minister - António de Oliveira Salazar, President of the Council of Ministers of Portugal (1932–1968)
  • Romania
    • Monarch - Carol II, King of the Romanians (1930–1940)
    • Premier -
      1. Constantin Angelescu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1933–1934)
      2. Gheorghe Tătărescu, President of the Council of Ministers of Romania (1934–1937)
  • San Marino
    • Captains Regent -
      1. Carlo Balsimelli and Melchiorre Filippi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1933–1934)
      2. Marino Rossi and Giovanni Lonfernini, Captains Regent of San Marino (1934)
      3. Angelo Manzoni Borghesi and Marino Michelotti, Captains Regent of San Marino (1934–1935)
  • Soviet Union
    • Communist Party Leader - Joseph Stalin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1922–1953)
    • Head of State - Mikhail Kalinin, Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets of the Soviet Union (1919–1946)
    • Premier - Vyacheslav Molotov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union (1930–1941)
  • Spain
    • President - Niceto Alcalá-Zamora, President of Spain (1931–1936)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Alejandro Lerroux, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1933–1934)
      2. Ricardo Samper, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1934)
      3. Alejandro Lerroux, President of the Council of Ministers of Spain (1934–1935)
  • Sweden
    • Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907–1950)
    • Prime Minister - Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1932–1936)
  • Switzerland
    • Swiss Federal Council:
      Giuseppe Motta (1911–1940), Edmund Schulthess (1912–1935), Jean-Marie Musy (1919–1934), Heinrich Häberlin (1920–1934), Marcel Pilet-Golaz (1928–1944, President), Albert Meyer (1929–1938), Rudolf Minger (1929–1940), Philipp Etter (1934–1959), Johannes Baumann (1934–1940)
  • United Kingdom
    • Monarch - George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910–1936)
    • Prime Minister - Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1929–1935)
  • Vatican City
    • Monarch - Pope Pius XI, Sovereign of Vatican City (1929–1939)
    • Governor - Camillo Serafini, Governor of Vatican City (1929–1952)
    • Holy See
      • Secretary of State - Eugenio Pacelli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1930–1939)
  • Yugoslavia
    • Monarch -
      1. Alexander I, King of Yugoslavia (1921–1934)
      2. Peter II, King of Yugoslavia (1934–1945)
    • Regent - Prince Paul, Prince Regent of Yugoslavia (1934–1941)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Milan Srškić, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1932–1934)
      2. Nikola Uzunović, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1934)
      3. Bogoljub Jevtić, Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (1934–1935)

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