Middle East and North Africa
- Abu Dhabi -
- Co-Shaikh - Khalifa bin Shakhbut, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1833–1845)
- Co-Shaikh - Sultan bin Shakhbut, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1833–1845)
- Ajman -
- Rashid bin Humayd, Shaikh of Ajman (1816–1838)
- Humayd ibn Rashid, Shaikh of Ajman (1838–1841)
- Bahrain - Muhammad ibn Khalifah Al Khalifah, Shaikh of Bahrain (1834–1842)
- Egypt (Under Ottoman suzerainty) - Muhammad Ali Pasha, Governor of Egypt (1805–1848)
- Kuwait - Sheikh Jabir ibn Abdullah Al Sabah, Ruler of Kuwait (1814–1859)
- Morocco - Abderrahmane, Sultan of Morocco (1822–1859)
- Mount Lebanon (Under Ottoman suzerainty) - Bashir ibn al-Qasim ibn `Umar, Emir of Mount Lebanon (1822–1840)
- Oman - Sa'id II ibn Sultan, Sultan of Oman (1804–1856)
- Persia - Mohammad Shah Qajar, Shah of Persia (1834–1848)
Read more about this topic: List Of State Leaders In 1838
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