- Feliks Ankerstein, interwar covert-operations officer and deputy to Edmund Charaszkiewicz in Office 2 of the General Staff's Section II (the Intelligence section).
- Edmund Charaszkiewicz, interwar covert-operations officer and coordinator of Józef Piłsudski's Promethean project to dismember the Soviet Union.
- Maksymilian Ciężki, prewar chief of the Polish Cipher Bureau's German section (BS–3), which from 1932 decrypted German Enigma ciphers in the prelude to Britain's World War II Ultra Secret.
- Roman Czerniawski, Polish Air Force captain and British Double Cross System agent.
- Marian Drobik, Home Army (AK) colonel, chief of the General Staff's Section II (intelligence) in 1942–43.
- Wiktor Tomir Drymmer, close collaborator of Foreign Minister Józef Beck, and chief of the secret prewar K-7 organization that supervised certain Polish covert operations.
- Józef Englicht, prewar deputy chief of the Polish General Staff's Section II.
- Michael Goleniewski, Cold War Polish, Soviet and American CIA agent.
- Bolesław Kontrym, Polish agent, Red Army combrig, Polish Army major.
- Jan Kowalewski, engineer, intelligence officer and cryptologist, one of many who broke Soviet ciphers during the Polish-Soviet War of 1919–21.
- Andrzej Kowerski, Polish Army officer and World War II British SOE agent; colleague of Krystyna Skarbek.
- Ryszard Kukliński, Polish Army colonel, Cold War CIA master spy.
- Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki, Polish spy at the Battle of Vienna (1683); founder of Vienna's first coffee house, which offered coffee produced from coffee beans captured from the Turks.
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- Gwido Langer, head of Poland's interbellum Cipher Bureau, which in 1932 first broke the German Enigma ciphers.
- Kazimierz Leski, engineer, fighter pilot, World War II "Musketeers" and Home Army intelligence officer.
- Stefan Mayer, prewar Section II intelligence officer who supervised the General Staff's Cipher Bureau.
- Jerzy Pawłowski, Olympic gold-medalist fencer and Cold-War double agent.
- Tadeusz Pełczyński, general, chief of the General Staff's Section II (1929–32 and 1935 – January 1938).
- Sergiusz Piasecki, Polish agent, covering the area of Soviet Belarus, 1922–26.
- Marcel Reich-Ranicki, Polish consul-general and intelligence agent in London,1948–49; the most influential contemporary critic of German literature.
- Tadeusz Schaetzel, intelligence officer, chief of the General Staff's Section II (1926–29).
- Krystyna Skarbek, World War II British SOE agent.
- Mieczysław Zygfryd Słowikowski (Rygor-Słowikowski), Polish Army intelligence officer whose work in North Africa facilitated Allied preparations for the 1942 Operation Torch landings.
- Jerzy Sosnowski, major, a Polish spy in Germany (1926–1934) as Georg von Sosnowski, Ritter von Nalecz.
- Antoni Szymański, Polish military attaché in Berlin (1932–39).
- Halina Szymańska, World War II British intelligence agent; wife of Antoni Szymański.
- Jan Włodarkiewicz, lieutenant colonel, the first commander of Wachlarz.
- Marian Zacharski, Cold-War Polish intelligence agent convicted of espionage against the United States.
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