"Classical music" and "art music" are terms that have been used to refer to music of different cultural origins and traditions. Such traditions often date to a period regarded as the "golden age" of music for a particular culture.
The following table lists music styles from throughout the world and the period in history when that tradition was developed:
| Style (ordered by culture) | Historical period when the musical tradition was developed | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Afghan classical music (Klasik) | 19th century | |
| Andalusian classical music | Caliph of Córdoba | |
| Azerbaijani Mugham | ca. 9th - 10th century | |
| Cambodian ceremonial music (Pinpeat) | Khmer Empire | |
| Chinese traditional music | Tang Dynasty | The Chinese invented a form of notation called Gongche in the Tang Dynasty. Chinese literature has references to music going back to the Zhou Dynasty, and sets of bells have been recovered from archaeological excavations, but little is known about how the early music sounded. |
| European classical music | Renaissance to Early modern Europe | This is the European tradition of music developed during early modern Europe which is associated with high culture (including works in this tradition in non-European countries). This style of classical music is commonly referred to as simply "classical music" in the English language. |
| Indian classical music | Vedic period to present | Within Indian classical music, there are two distinct traditions, Hindustani and Carnatic. Both forms date to the Vedic period. |
| Indonesian art music (Gamelan) | developed from indigenous traditions into their present form during the Majapahit Empire | |
| Persian classical music | Elamnite dynasties | |
| Japanese court music (Gagaku) | Heian period | |
| Korean court music | Joseon Dynasty | |
| Lao classical music | Khmer Empire | |
| Mandé art music (Griot) | Mali Empire | The tradition of the djeli |
| Ottoman classical music | Ottoman Empire | |
| Philippine art songs (Kundiman) | Late Spanish Colonial Period | |
| Scottish Pibroch (Ceòl Mór) | Renaissance to Early modern Europe | Played primarily on the Scottish Great Highland Bagpipe. |
| Thai classical music (Piphat) | Khmer Empire |
Famous quotes containing the words list of, list, classical, art, music and/or traditions:
“Do your children view themselves as successes or failures? Are they being encouraged to be inquisitive or passive? Are they afraid to challenge authority and to question assumptions? Do they feel comfortable adapting to change? Are they easily discouraged if they cannot arrive at a solution to a problem? The answers to those questions will give you a better appraisal of their education than any list of courses, grades, or test scores.”
—Lawrence Kutner (20th century)
“A man’s interest in a single bluebird is worth more than a complete but dry list of the fauna and flora of a town.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“Compare the history of the novel to that of rock ‘n’ roll. Both started out a minority taste, became a mass taste, and then splintered into several subgenres. Both have been the typical cultural expressions of classes and epochs. Both started out aggressively fighting for their share of attention, novels attacking the drama, the tract, and the poem, rock attacking jazz and pop and rolling over classical music.”
—W. T. Lhamon, U.S. educator, critic. “Material Differences,” Deliberate Speed: The Origins of a Cultural Style in the American 1950s, Smithsonian (1990)
“Without freedom, no art; art lives only on the restraints it imposes on itself, and dies of all others. But without freedom, no socialism either, except the socialism of the gallows.”
—Albert Camus (1913–1960)
“Who that has heard a strain of music feared then lest he should speak extravagantly any more forever?”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“And all the great traditions of the Past
They saw reflected in the coming time.
And thus forever with reverted look
The mystic volume of the world they read,
Spelling it backward, like a Hebrew book,
Till life became a Legend of the Dead.”
—Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1809–1882)