The Origin of The Lake
Balkhash lies in the deepest part of the vast Balkhash-Alakol depression, which was formed by the sloping trough the Turan Plate in Neogene-Quaternary Period and subsequently filled with sand river sediments. The basin is a part of Dzungarian Alatau, which also contains lakes Sasykkol, Alakol and Aibi. These lakes are remnants of an ancient sea which once covered the entire Balkhash-Alakol depression, but was not connected with the Aral–Caspian Depression.
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—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)