June 14 - Events

Events

• 1216 – First Barons' War: Prince Louis of France captured the city of Winchester and soon conquered over half of the Kingdom of England.
• 1276 – While taking exile in Fuzhou in southern China, away from the advancing Mongol invaders, the remnants of the Song Dynasty court hold the coronation ceremony for the young prince Zhao Shi, making him Emperor Duanzong of Song.
• 1285 – Forces led by Prince Tran Quang Khai of Vietnam's Trần Dynasty destroys most of the invading Mongol naval fleet in a battle at Chuong Duong.
• 1287 – Kublai Khan defeated the force of Nayan and other traditionalist Borjigin princes in East Mongolia and Manchuria.
• 1381 – Richard II of England meets leaders of Peasants' Revolt on Blackheath. The Tower of London is stormed by rebels who enter without resistance.
• 1645 – English Civil War: Battle of Naseby – 12,000 Royalist forces are beaten by 15,000 Parliamentarian soldiers.
• 1648 – Margaret Jones is hanged in Boston for witchcraft in the first such execution for the Massachusetts colony.
• 1775 – American Revolutionary War: the Continental Army is established by the Continental Congress, marking the birth of the United States Army.
• 1777 – The Stars and Stripes is adopted by Congress as the Flag of the United States.
• 1789 – Mutiny on the Bounty: HMS Bounty mutiny survivors including Captain William Bligh and 18 others reach Timor after a nearly 7,400 km (4,600 mi) journey in an open boat.
• 1789 – Whiskey distilled from maize is first produced by American clergyman the Rev Elijah Craig. It is named Bourbon because Rev Craig lived in Bourbon County, Kentucky.
• 1800 – The French Army of First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in Northern Italy and re-conquers Italy.
• 1807 – Emperor Napoleon's French Grande Armée defeats the Russian Army at the Battle of Friedland in Poland (modern Russian Kaliningrad Oblast) ending the War of the Fourth Coalition.
• 1821 – Badi VII, king of Sennar, surrenders his throne and realm to Isma'il Pasha, general of the Ottoman Empire, ending the existence of that Sudanese kingdom.
• 1822 – Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society entitled "Note on the application of machinery to the computation of astronomical and mathematical tables".
• 1830 – Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: 34,000 French soldiers begin their invasion of Algiers, landing 27 kilometers west at Sidi Fredj.
• 1839 – Henley Royal Regatta: the village of Henley-on-Thames, on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, stages its first regatta.
• 1846 – Bear Flag Revolt begins – Anglo settlers in Sonoma, California, start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic.
• 1863 – American Civil War: Second Battle of Winchester – a Union garrison is defeated by the Army of Northern Virginia in the Shenandoah Valley town of Winchester, Virginia.
• 1863 – Second Assault on the Confederate works at the Siege of Port Hudson during the American Civil War.
• 1872 – Trade unions are legalised in Canada.
• 1900 – Hawaii becomes a United States territory.
• 1900 – The Reichstag approves a second law that allows the expansion of the German navy.
• 1907 – Norway gives women the right to vote.
• 1919 – John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown depart from St. John's, Newfoundland on the first nonstop transatlantic flight.
• 1926 – Brazil leaves the League of Nations
• 1937 – Pennsylvania becomes the first (and only) state of the United States to celebrate Flag Day officially as a state holiday.
• 1937 – U.S. House of Representatives passes the Marihuana Tax Act.
• 1940 – World War II: Paris falls under German occupation, and Allied forces retreat.
• 1940 – The Soviet Union presents an ultimatum to Lithuania resulting in Lithuanian loss of independence.
• 1940 – A group of 728 Polish political prisoners from Tarnów become the first residents of the Auschwitz concentration camp.
• 1941 – June deportation: the first major wave of Soviet mass deportations and murder of Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians, begins.
• 1944 – World War II: After several failed attempts, the British Army abandons Operation Perch, its plan to capture the German-occupied town of Caen.
• 1945 – World War II: Filipino troops of the 15th, 66th and 121st Infantry Regiment, Philippine Commonwealth Army, USAFIP-NL liberate the captured in Ilocos Sur and start the Battle of Bessang Pass in Northern Luzon.
• 1947 – Roswell UFO incident: a supposed UFO crash lands in Roswell, New Mexico.
• 1951 – UNIVAC I is dedicated by the U.S. Census Bureau.
• 1952 – The keel is laid for the nuclear submarine USS Nautilus.
• 1954 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs a bill into law that places the words "under God" into the United States Pledge of Allegiance.
• 1955 – Chile becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
• 1959 – Disneyland Monorail System, the first daily operating monorail system in the Western Hemisphere, opens to the public in Anaheim, California.
• 1959 – A group of Dominican exiles depart from Cuba and land in the Dominican Republic with the intent of overthrowing the totalitarian government of Rafael Trujillo. All but four are killed or executed.
• 1962 – The European Space Research Organisation is established in Paris – later becoming the European Space Agency.
• 1965 – Nguyen Cao Ky becomes Prime Minister of South Vietnam at the head of a military junta; General Nguyen Van Thieu becomes the figurehead chief of state.
• 1966 – The Vatican announces the abolition of the Index Librorum Prohibitorum ("index of prohibited books"), which was originally instituted in 1557.
• 1967 – Mariner program: Mariner 5 is launched towards Venus.
• 1982 – The Falklands War ends: Argentine forces in the capital Stanley unconditionally surrender to British forces.
• 1985 – TWA Flight 847 is hijacked by Hezbollah shortly after take-off from Athens, Greece.
• 1994 – The 1994 Stanley Cup riot occurs after the New York Rangers win the Stanley Cup from Vancouver, causing an estimated CA$1.1 million, leading to 200 arrests and injuries. One person is left with permanent brain damage.