Josephson is a patronymic surname meaning "son of Joseph".
Josephson as a surname may refer to:
- Brian David Josephson (born 1940), Welsh physicist
- Duane Josephson (1942–1997), American baseball player
- Erland Josephson (1923–2012), Swedish actor and author
- Ernst Josephson (1851–1906), Swedish painter
- Ian Josephson, Canadian judge
- Julien Josephson (1881–1959), American motion picture screenwriter
- Karen Josephson (born 1964), American swimmer
- Les Josephson (born 1942), American football player
- Mark Josephson, American cardiac electrophysiologist
- Matthew Josephson (1899–1978), American journalist and author
- Sarah Josephson (born 1964), American swimmer
Josephson may also refer to:
- Josephson effect, used in quantum-mechanical circuits, with related terms:
- Josephson energy
- Josephson penetration depth
- Josephson vortex
- Pi Josephson junction