Intellectual movements in Iran involve the Iranian experience of modernity and its associated art, science, literature, poetry, and political structures that have been changing since the 19th century.
Read more about Intellectual Movements In Iran: History of Iranian Modernity, Modern Art Movement, Modern and Contemporary Architecture Movement, Music Movement, Modern Poetry, Modern Literary Movement, Modern Scientific Movement, Iranian Women's Movement, Intellectual Circles in Late 20th Century, Philosophy Education in Iran
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“Decisive inventions and discoveries always are initiated by an intellectual or moral stimulus as their actual motivating force, but, usually, the final impetus to human action is given by material impulses ... merchants stood as a driving force behind the heroes of the age of discovery; this first heroic impulse to conquer the world emanated from very mortal forces—in the beginning, there was spice.”
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