HCV may mean the following:
- Hepatitis C virus
- Human Coronavirus
- Hypersonic Cruise Vehicle, a target for the DARPA Falcon Project
- Heavy commercial vehicle, another name for a Large goods vehicle
- Higher Calorific Value; see Heat of combustion#Higher heating value
- Housing Choice Voucher, a program authorized by Section 8 (housing) of the United States Housing Act of 1938