Types
There are membrane-bound (type 1, guanylate cyclase-coupled receptor) and soluble (type 2, soluble guanylyl cyclase) forms of guanylyl cyclases.
Membrane bound guanylyl cyclases include an external ligand binding domain (e.g., for peptide hormones such as BNP and ANP), a transmembrane domain, and an internal catalytic domain homologous to adenate cyclases.
In the mammalian retina, two forms of guanylyl cyclase have been identified, each encoded by separate genes; RETGC-1 and RETGC-2 RETGC-1 has been found to be expressed in higher levels in cones compared to rod cells. Studies have also shown that mutations in the RETGC-1 gene can lead to cone-rod dystrophy by disrupting the phototransduction processes.
Read more about this topic: Guanylate Cyclase
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