List of The Four Plants
The mitzvah of waving the Four Species derives from the Torah. In Leviticus, it states:
Leviticus 23:40 And you shall take on the first day the fruit of splendid trees, branches of palm trees and boughs of leafy trees and willows of the brook, and you shall rejoice before the LORD your God for seven days. English Standard Version
In Leviticus 23:40 the Hebrew terms for the four plants are:
- ets hadar (עֵץ הָדָר) magnificent trees
- tamar (תְּמָרִים) palm trees
- ets avoth (עֵץ־עָבֹת) boughs of thick trees
- aravah (עַרְבֵי) willows of the brook
In Talmudic tradition, the four plants are identified as:
- etrog (אתרוג) – the fruit of a citron tree
- lulav (לולב) – a ripe, green, closed frond from a date palm tree
- hadass (הדס) – boughs with leaves from the myrtle tree
- aravah (ערבה) – branches with leaves from the willow tree
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