History
The kibbutz was founded by pioneers of the Third Aliyah, Russian Jews, in 1921 on a tract of land near Ma'ayan Harod (Harod Spring, mentioned in the Bible (Judges 7:1) as a place of the judge Gideon), and with it, a railway station on the Jezreel Valley railway. The site was located near the battlefield of Ayn Jalut, a battle in which the Mongols were defeated for the first time in 1260.
The kibbutz moved to a permanent location at the foot of Kumi Hill in 1931. The village played an important role in the defence of the area during the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, known by the Jews of the era as "the disturbances," during which it was the base of Orde Wingate's Special Night Squads. On 29 June 1946, the British army occupied the village by force. In 1947 it had a population of 1,120.
In 1952, in the wake of ideological differences between supporters of the two main socialist parties, Mapai and Mapam, the kibbutz split, creating two separate kibbutzim: Ein Harod (Ihud), affiliated with Mapai and belonging to Ihud HaKvutzot veHaKibbutzim; and Ein Harod (Meuhad), affiliated with Mapam and belonging to HaKibbutz HaMeuhad. Today both kibbutzim belong to the United Kibbutz Movement.
Read more about this topic: Ein Harod
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