Caste System Among South Asian Muslims
There is a system of social stratification among South Asian Muslims that has some similarity to the Hindu caste system.
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Religious, historical and socio-cultural factors have helped define the bounds of endogamous groups for Muslims in South Asia. There is a preference for endogamous marriages based on the clan-oriented nature of the society, which values and actively seeks similarities in social group identity based on several factors, including religious, sectarian, ethnic, and tribal/clan affiliation. Religious affiliation is itself multi-layered and includes religious considerations other than being Muslim, such as sectarian identity (e.g. Shia or Sunni, etc.) and religious orientation within the sect (Isnashari, Ismaili, Ahmedi, etc.). Both ethnic affiliation (e.g. Sindhi, Baloch, Punjabi, etc.) and membership of specific biraderis or Jat/quoms (see Jatis under) are additional integral components of social identity. Within the bounds of endogamy defined by the above parameters, close consanguineous unions are preferred due to a congruence of key features of group- and individual-level background factors as well as affinities.
Read more about Caste System Among South Asian Muslims: Origins, Stratification, Interaction and Mobility, Castes in Pakistan, Criticism
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