Excess Noise
As mentioned above, this is the noise due to the multiplication process at a gain, M and is denoted by F(M) and can often be expressed as:
where is the ratio of the hole impact ionization rate to that of electrons. For an electron multiplication device it is given by the hole impact ionization rate divided by the electron impact ionization rate. It is desirable to have a large asymmetry between these rates to minimize F(M), since F(M) is one of the main factors that limit, among other things, the best possible energy resolution obtainable.
Read more about this topic: Avalanche Photodiode
Famous quotes containing the words excess and/or noise:
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—Plato (c. 427–347 B.C.)
“who chained themselves to subways for the endless ride from Battery
to holy Bronx on benzedrine until the noise of wheels and children
brought them down shuddering mouth-wracked and battered bleak of brain and drained of brilliance in the drear light of Zoo,”
—Allen Ginsberg (b. 1926)