Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi

Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi, HJ, MC, (Urdu: امیر عبداللہ خان نیازی‎); c. 1915 – 2 February 2004), was a former lieutenant-general in the Pakistan Army, serving as the last governor and martial law administrator of East Pakistan and the last unified commander of the Eastern Military High Command of the Pakistan Armed Forces. Presiding over East Pakistan for only two days, Niazi was responsible for the eastern contingent of the Pakistan Armed Forces during the 1971 Indo-Pakistani War and the Bangladesh Liberation War, jointly with Vice-Admiral Mohammad Shariff, Commander of Eastern Naval Command.

Niazi was commissioned in the Indian Army in 1934 and took part in combat operations in the Burma Campaign, most notably in the Imphal operation, for which he became famous. After the establishment of Pakistan he joined the Pakistan Army. He commanded Operation Chavinda in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965 and voluntarily took the field-administrative assignment in East Pakistan during the Bangladesh Liberation War. In 1971, Niazi surrendered his forces of nearly 93,000 men to the Indian Armed Forces and the Mukti Bahini guerrilla armed resistance force. He stated that he had acted on the orders of the West Pakistan Military High Command under General Yahya Khan. After the war, other parties viewed him as personally responsible for the surrender, and he was accused of being involved in Pakistan's alleged human rights violations in Bangladesh. Niazi was personally indicted for smuggling and rape by the Hamoodur Rahman Commission led by Chief Justice Hamoodur Rahman.

Niazi was the most senior officer to be held by India as a prisoner of war. Before his return to Pakistan, he was dismissed by President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. He was held in low esteem for the rest of his life, and he sought a court-martial to prove his innocence, filing petitions through his military lawyers both in the civilian Supreme Court of Pakistan and in the Judge Advocate General Branch of the Pakistan Armed Forces. Before his death, he wrote the book The Betrayal of East Pakistan.