Shimomura 下村 is an uncommon Japanese surname, it may refer to the following people:
- Hakubun Shimomura, Japanese politician
- Kanzan Shimomura, Japanese Nihonga painter
- Kotaro Shimomura, Japanese chemical engineer
- Osamu Shimomura, Japanese chemist and marine biologist, and 2008 Nobel Laureate in chemistry
- Roger Shimomura, Japanese-American artist and emeritus professor at Kansas University
- Tsutomu Shimomura, Japanese-American scientist and computer security expert
- Yoko Shimomura, Japanese video game composer and musician
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