List of State Leaders in 1999 - Africa

Africa

  • Algeria -
    • President -
      1. Liamine Zéroual, President of Algeria (1994–1999)
      2. Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–present)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Smail Hamdani, Prime Minister of Algeria (1998–1999)
      2. Ahmed Benbitour, Prime Minister of Algeria (1999–2000)
  • Angola -
    • President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–present)
    • Prime Minister - Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem, Prime Minister of Angola (1996–1999)
  • Benin
    • President - Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1996–2006)
  • Botswana
    • President - Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998–2008)
  • Burkina Faso -
    • President - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–present)
    • Prime Minister - Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (1996–2000)
  • Burundi
    • President - Pierre Buyoya, President of Burundi (1996–2003)
  • Cameroon -
    • President - Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
    • Prime Minister - Peter Mafany Musonge, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1996–2004)
  • Cape Verde -
    • President - António Mascarenhas Monteiro, President of Cape Verde (1991–2001)
    • Prime Minister - Carlos Veiga, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1991–2000)
  • Central African Republic -
    • President - Ange-Félix Patassé, President of the Central African Republic (1993–2003)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Michel Gbezera-Bria, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (1997–1999)
      2. Anicet Georges Dologuélé, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (1999–2001)
  • Chad -
    • President - Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Nassour Guelendouksia Ouaido, Prime Minister of Chad (1997–1999)
      2. Nagoum Yamassoum, Prime Minister of Chad (1999–2002)
  • Comoros -
    • President -
      1. Tadjidine Ben Said Massounde, Interim President of Comoros (1998–1999)
      2. Azali Assoumani, President of Comoros (1999–2002)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Abbas Djoussouf, Prime Minister of Comoros (1998–1999)
      2. Bianrifi Tarmidi, Prime Minister of Comoros (1999–2000)
    • Anjouan (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • President -
        1. Foundi Abdallah Ibrahim, President of Anjouan (1997–1999)
        2. Said Abeid, President of Anjouan (1999–2001)
  • Congo–Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)
    • President - Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
  • Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
    • President - Laurent-Désiré Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1997–2001)
  • Côte d'Ivoire -
    • President -
      1. Henri Konan Bédié, President of Côte d'Ivoire (1993–1999)
      2. Robert Guéï, President of Côte d'Ivoire (1999–2000)
    • Prime Minister - Daniel Kablan Duncan, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire (1993–1999)
  • Djibouti -
    • President -
      1. Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President of Djibouti (1977–1999)
      2. Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
    • Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978–2001)
  • Egypt -
    • President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–2011)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Kamal Ganzouri, Prime Minister of Egypt (1996–1999)
      2. Atef Ebeid, Prime Minister of Egypt (1999–2004)
  • Equatorial Guinea -
    • President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
    • Prime Minister - Ángel Serafín Seriche Dougan, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (1996–2001)
  • Eritrea
    • President - Isaias Afewerki, President of Eritrea (1991–present)
  • Ethiopia -
    • President - Negasso Gidada, President of Ethiopia (1995–2001)
    • Prime Minister - Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–2012)
  • Gabon -
    • President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Paulin Obame-Nguema, Prime Minister of Gabon (1994–1999)
      2. Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane, Prime Minister of Gabon (1999–2006)
  • The Gambia
    • President - Yahya Jammeh, President of The Gambia (1994–present)
  • Ghana
    • President - Jerry Rawlings, President of Ghana (1981–2001)
  • Guinea -
    • President - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–2008)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Sidya Touré, Prime Minister of Guinea (1996–1999)
      2. Lamine Sidimé, Prime Minister of Guinea (1999–2004)
  • Guinea-Bissau -
    • President -
      1. João Bernardo Vieira, President of Guinea-Bissau (1984–1999)
      2. Ansumane Mané, Chairman of the Supreme Command of the Military Junta of Guinea-Bissau (1999)
      3. Malam Bacai Sanhá, Acting President of Guinea-Bissau (1999–2000)
    • Prime Minister - Francisco Fadul, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (1998–2000)
  • Kenya
    • President - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978–2002)
  • Lesotho -
    • Monarch - Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
    • Prime Minister - Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–2012)
  • Liberia
    • President - Charles Taylor, President of Liberia (1997–2003)
  • Libya
    • De facto Head of State - Muammar Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
    • Nominal Head of State - Muhammad az-Zanati, General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (1992–2008)
    • Head of Government - Muhammad Ahmad al-Mangoush, General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (1997–2000)
  • Madagascar -
    • President - Didier Ratsiraka, President of Madagascar (1997–2002)
    • Prime Minister - Tantely Andrianarivo, Prime Minister of Madagascar (1998–2002)
  • Malawi
    • President - Bakili Muluzi, President of Malawi (1994–2004)
  • Mali -
    • President - Alpha Oumar Konaré, President of Mali (1992–2002)
    • Prime Minister - Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, Prime Minister of Mali (1994–2000)
  • Mauritania -
    • President - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, President of Mauritania (1984–2005)
    • Prime Minister - Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Prime Minister of Mauritania (1998–2003)
  • Mauritius -
    • President - Cassam Uteem, President of Mauritius (1992–2002)
    • Prime Minister - Navin Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1995–2000)
  • Mayotte (Territorial collectivity of France)
    • Prefect - Pierre Bayle, Prefect of Mayotte (1998–2001)
    • President of the General Council - Younoussa Bamana, President of the General Council of Mayotte (1991–2004)
  • Morocco -
    • Monarch -
      1. Hassan II, King of Morocco (1961–1999)
      2. Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
    • Prime Minister - Abderrahmane Youssoufi, Prime Minister of Morocco (1998–2002)
    • Western Sahara (self-declared, partially recognized state)
      • President - Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1976–present)
      • Prime Minister -
        1. Mahfoud Ali Beiba, Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1995–1999)
        2. Bouchraya Hammoudi Bayoun, Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (1999–2003)
  • Mozambique -
    • President - Joaquim Chissano, President of Mozambique (1986–2005)
    • Prime Minister - Pascoal Mocumbi, Prime Minister of Mozambique (1994–2004)
  • Namibia -
    • President - Sam Nujoma, President of Namibia (1990–2005)
    • Prime Minister - Hage Geingob, Prime Minister of Namibia (1990–2002)
  • Niger -
    • President -
      1. Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, President of Niger (1996–1999)
      2. Daouda Malam Wanké, Chairman of the National Reconciliation Council of Niger (1999)
      3. Mamadou Tandja, President of Niger (1999–2010)
    • Prime Minister - Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki, Prime Minister of Niger (1997–2000)
  • Nigeria -
    • Head of State -
      1. Abdulsalami Abubakar, Chairman of the Provisional Ruling Council of Nigeria (1998–1999)
      2. Olusegun Obasanjo, President of Nigeria (1999–2007)
  • Rwanda -
    • President - Pasteur Bizimungu, President of Rwanda (1994–2000)
    • Prime Minister - Pierre-Célestin Rwigema, Prime Minister of Rwanda (1995–2000)
  • Saint Helena and Dependencies (British dependent territory)
    • Governor -
      1. David Smallman, Governor of Saint Helena (1995–1999)
      2. David Hollamby, Governor of Saint Helena (1999–2004)
  • São Tomé and Príncipe -
    • President - Miguel Trovoada, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1995–2001)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Raul Bragança Neto, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (1996–1999)
      2. Guilherme Posser da Costa, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe (1999–2001)
  • Senegal -
    • President - Abdou Diouf, President of Senegal (1981–2000)
    • Prime Minister - Mamadou Lamine Loum, Prime Minister of Senegal (1998–2000)
  • Seychelles
    • President - France-Albert René, President of Seychelles (1977–2004)
  • Sierra Leone
    • President - Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, President of Sierra Leone (1998–2007)
  • Somalia -
    • no functioning central government
    • Somaliland (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • President - Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal, President of Somaliland (1993–2002)
    • Puntland (self-declared autonomous state, de facto independent)
      • President - Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, President of Puntland (1998–2002)
    • Jubaland (unrecognized secessionist state)
      • independent Jubaland extinguished on 11 June 1999
      • President - Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan, President of Jubaland (1998–1999)
  • South Africa
    • President -
      1. Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa (1994–1999)
      2. Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa (1999–2008)
  • Sudan
    • President - Omar al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1989–present)
  • Swaziland -
    • Monarch - Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
    • Prime Minister - Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (1996–2003)
  • Tanzania -
    • President - Benjamin Mkapa, President of Tanzania (1995–2005)
    • Prime Minister - Frederick Sumaye, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1995–2005)
  • Togo -
    • President - Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967–2005)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Kwassi Klutse, Prime Minister of Togo (1996–1999)
      2. Eugene Koffi Adoboli, Prime Minister of Togo (1999–2000)
  • Tunisia -
    • President - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–2011)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Hamed Karoui, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1989–1999)
      2. Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–2011)
  • Uganda -
    • President - Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Kintu Musoke, Prime Minister of Uganda (1994–1999)
      2. Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999–2011)
  • Zambia
    • President - Frederick Chiluba, President of Zambia (1991–2002)
  • Zimbabwe
    • President - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–present)

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