Colonia (plural coloniae) was originally a Roman Empire outpost established in conquered territory to secure it. Eventually, however, the term came to denote the highest status of Roman city.
Colonia may also refer to:
- Places
- Colonia (Palestine), an Arab village destroyed by Haganah forces in April 1948
- Colonia del Sacramento, the oldest city in Uruguay and a UNESCO World Heritage site
- Colonia Department, a departamento in south-western Uruguay, where Colonia del Sacramento is the capital
- Colonia, Yap, a city in Micronesia
- Colonia, New Jersey
- Colonia, Oxnard, California
- Cologne, originally Colonia Claudia Ara Agrippinensis, Germany's fourth-largest city
- Colonia, a village in Tritenii de Jos Commune, Cluj County, Romania
- Music
- Colonia (music group), a Croatian dance music group
- Colonia (Autopsia album), a 2002 compilation album by Autopsia
- Colonia (A Camp album), the second album by A Camp
- Other
- Colonia (country subdivision)
- Colonia (Mexico), a neighborhood of large urban areas in Mexico
- Colonia (United States), a low-income community along the U.S./Mexican border
- Colonia (ship), a cable vessel that worked on the All Red Line
- Colonia colonus, bird species whose scientific name is Long-tailed Tyrant