Yamashita (山下) is a Japanese family name.
The name may refer to the following people:
- Bruce Yamashita, U.S. military lawyer
- Gentaro Yamashita (1863–1931), Japanese admiral
- Haruhiro Yamashita (born 1938), Japanese gymnast
- Iris Yamashita, U.S. screenwriter
- Karen Tei Yamashita (born 1951), Japanese-American writer
- Keigo Yamashita (born 1978), Japanese Go player
- Maki Yamashita (born 1974), Japanese pop musician
- Michinori Yamashita (born 1953), Japanese mathematician
- Kazuhito Yamashita (born 1961), Japanese classical guitarist
- Kinuyo Yamashita or James Banana, Japanese musician
- Norifumi Yamashita (born 1962), Japanese triple jumper
- Reiko Yamashita (born 1973), Japanese pop musician
- Sachiko Yamashita (born 1964), Japanese long-distance runner
- Shunya Yamashita (born 1970), Japanese artist
- Stomu Yamashta or Yamashita Tsutomu (born 1947), Japanese percussionist, keyboardist and composer
- Tadashi Yamashita (born 1942), Japanese-born American martial artist
- Takuji Yamashita (1874-1959), Japanese-American civil rights pioneer
- Tatsuro Yamashita (born 1953), Japanese musician and record producer
- Tomohisa Yamashita (born 1985), Japanese pop musician
- Tomoyuki Yamashita (1885-1946), Japanese general
- Yasuhiro Yamashita (born 1957), Japanese judoka
- Yoshiteru Yamashita (born 1977), Japanese footballer
- Yamashita Yoshiaki or Yamashita Yoshitsugu (1865-1935), Japanese Judo exponent
- Yosuke Yamashita (born 1942), Japanese jazz musician