Vesper means evening in Classical Latin. It can refer to:
- Hesperus, Latinized form of Hesperos, a Greek mythological figure (Roman Vesper)
Places:
- Vesper, Wisconsin, a village
- Vesper Peak, a mountain in Washington State
- Vesper, an abandoned village southwest of Swift Current, Saskatchewan, Canada
People:
- Rose Vesper, member of the Ohio House of Representatives (1993–2000)
- Will Vesper (1882–1962), German author and literary critic
- Rudolf Vesper (born 1939), East German Olympic gold medalist in Greco-Roman wrestling
In fiction:
- Vesper (comics), a female mutant in the Marvel Comics universe
- Vesper (novel), a young-adult novel by Jeff Sampson
- Vesper Holly, a character from a book series by Lloyd Alexander
- Vesper Lynd, a character in the James Bond novel and film Casino Royale
- Vesper, an organization in the manga and anime series Mahoromatic
- Vesper Family, a family in the book series The 39 Clues
In science:
- Vesper bat, the largest, best-known family of bats
- Vesper mouse, a rodent genus
- Vesper Sparrow, a medium-sized bird
- Vesper mission, a planned Venus chemistry and dynamics orbiter of the NASA Discovery Program
Other:
- Vesper Boat Club, an amateur rowing club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Vesper Country Club, one of the first golf courses in the United States
- Vesper (cocktail), a martini-style alcoholic beverage recipe created by Ian Fleming
- Sicilian Vespers, a rebellion against Charles I's rule on Sicily in 1282.