Ventral Nuclear Group

The ventral nuclear group is a collection of nuclei on the ventral side of the thalamus. According to MeSH, it consists of the following:

  • ventral anterior nucleus
  • ventral lateral nucleus
  • ventral posterior nucleus
Human brain: diencephalon (TA A14.1.08, GA 9.807)
Epithalamus
Surface
  • Pineal body
  • Habenula
  • Habenular trigone
  • Habenular commissure
Grey matter
  • Pretectal area
  • Habenular nuclei
  • Subcommissural organ
Thalamus
Surface
  • Stria medullaris of thalamus
  • Thalamic reticular nucleus
  • Taenia thalami
Grey matter/
nuclei
  • paired: AN
  • Ventral
    • VA/VL
    • VP/VPM/VPL
  • Lateral
    • LD
    • LP
    • Pulvinar nuclei
  • Metathalamus
    • MG
    • LG
  • midline: MD
  • Intralaminar
    • Centromedian
  • Midline nuclear group
  • Interthalamic adhesion
White matter
  • Mammillothalamic fasciculus
  • Pallidothalamic tracts
    • Ansa lenticularis
    • Lenticular fasciculus
    • Thalamic fasciculus
  • PCML
    • Medial lemniscus
    • Trigeminal lemniscus
  • Spinothalamic tract
  • Lateral lemniscus
  • Dentatothalamic tract
  • Acoustic radiation
  • Optic radiation
  • Subthalamic fasciculus
  • Anterior trigeminothalamic tract
  • Medullary laminae
Hypothalamus
Surface
  • Median eminence/Tuber cinereum
  • Mammillary body
  • Infundibulum
Grey matter
Autonomic zones
  • Anterior (parasympathetic/heat loss)
  • Posterior (sympathetic/heat conservation)
Endocrine
  • posterior pituitary: Paraventricular
    • magnocellular
    • parvocellular
  • Supraoptic
    • oxytocin/vasopressin
  • other: Arcuate (dopamine/GHRH)
  • Preoptic (GnRH)
  • Suprachiasmatic (melatonin)
Emotion
  • Lateral
  • Ventromedial
  • Dorsomedial
White matter
  • afferent
    • SN → Medial forebrain bundle
  • efferent
    • Mammillothalamic fasciculus → AN, Stria terminalis → Amygdala, Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus → SC
Pituitary
  • Posterior is diencephalon, but anterior is glandular
Subthalamus
  • Subthalamic nucleus
  • Zona incerta
Ventricular system:
Third ventricle
  • recesses:
    • Optic recess
    • Infundibular recess
    • Suprapineal recess
    • Pineal recess
  • Hypothalamic sulcus
  • Tela chorioidea of third ventricle
  • Subfornical organ
  • Apertures: Interventricular/Monro
  • Posterior commissure

M: CNS

anat (n/s/m/p/4/e/b/d/c/a/f/l/g)/phys/devp

noco (m/d/e/h/v/s)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (N1A/2AB/C/3/4/7A/B/C/D)


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