Damage and Control
When faba-bean rust is present, leaves of infected plants exhibit many small, orange-brown pustules, each surrounded by a pale yellow halo. Severely infected leaves wither and may drop from the plant. Larger pustules occur on the stems and isolated pustules may be found on the pods. Severe infection may result in reduced seed size and may cause yield losses of up to 30%, while in combination with chocolate spot, yield reductions of over 50% have occurred. Control measures include the use of resistant varieties of bean and the strategic use of foliar fungicides, which need to be applied before heavy infections occur to minimise crop losses.
Read more about this topic: Uromyces Viciae-fabae Var. Viciae-fabae
Famous quotes containing the words damage and/or control:
“I came to explore the wreck.
The words are purposes.
The words are maps.
I came to see the damage that was done
and the treasures that prevail.”
—Adrienne Rich (b. 1929)
““Have we any control over being born?,” my friend asked in despair. “No, the job is done for us while we’re sleeping, so to speak, and when we wake up everything is all set. We merely appear, like an ornate celebrity wheeled out in a wheelchair.” “I don’t remember,” my friend claimed. “No need to,” I said: “what need have us free-loaders for any special alertness? We’re done for.””
—Marvin Cohen, U.S. author and humorist. The Self-Devoted Friend, New Directions (1967)