In linguistics, a transformational grammar or transformational-generative grammar (TGG) is a generative grammar, especially of a natural language, that has been developed in the Chomskyan tradition of phrase structure grammars (as opposed to dependency grammars). Additionally, transformational grammar is the tradition that gives rise to specific transformational grammars. Much current research in transformational grammar is inspired by Chomsky's Minimalist Program.
Read more about Transformational Grammar: Deep Structure and Surface Structure, Formal Definition, Development of Basic Concepts, Innate Linguistic Knowledge, Grammatical Theories, "I-Language" and "E-Language", Grammaticality, Minimalism, Mathematical Representation, Transformations
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“The syntactic component of a grammar must specify, for each sentence, a deep structure that determines its semantic interpretation and a surface structure that determines its phonetic interpretation.”
—Noam Chomsky (b. 1928)