Obtaining 3D Information From 2D Images
Humans perceive a lot of information about the three-dimensional structure in their environment by moving through it. When the observer moves and the objects around him move, information is obtained from images sensed over time.
Finding structure from motion presents a similar problem as finding structure from stereo vision. In both instances, the correspondence between images and the reconstruction of 3D object needs to be found.
To find correspondence between images, features such as corner points (edges with gradients in multiple directions) need to be tracked from one image to the next. The feature trajectories over time are then used to reconstruct their 3D positions and the camera's motion.
Read more about this topic: Structure From Motion
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