St George's Cross in Canada
The coat of arms of Montreal, first used in 1833, had a Saint Patrick's cross with the floral emblems of England, Scotland, Ireland and France in its four quarters. The cross was changed to a Saint George's Cross, representing England's dominating influence over Canada, in 1938, and a city flag in the form of the arms was adopted the following year. The city of Nanaimo in British Columbia also uses a Saint George's Cross with a ship and pieces of coal, its former main export, on its flag and arms.
Three Canadian provinces use the Saint George's Cross on their coats of arms; Alberta, Manitoba and Ontario, again reflecting England's influence in Canada.
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