Background
Main article in Battle of Mohács, Campaign of Ferdinand I, Long War (Ottoman wars)
In August 1526, Sultan Suleiman I decisively defeated the forces of King Louis II of Hungary at the Battle of Mohács, paving the way for the Ottomans to gain control of south-eastern Hungary. The Archduke of Austria, Ferdinand I of Habsburg, who was the brother of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, claimed the vacant Hungarian throne in right of his wife, Anna of Bohemia and Hungary, sister to the childless (and thus heirless) Louis II. Ferdinand won recognition only in western Hungary; while a noble called John Zápolya, from a power-base in Transylvania, challenged him for the crown and was recognised as king by Suleiman in return for accepting vassal status within the Ottoman Empire. Thus Hungary became divided into Royal Hungary and Ottoman Hungary up until 1700.
Following the Diet of Pozsony (modern Bratislava) on 26 October, Ferdinand was declared King of Royal Hungary due to his marriage to Louis' sister and his own sister being the widow of Louis, who perished at Mohács. Ferdinand set out to enforce his claim on Hungary and captured Buda in 1527, only to relinquish his hold on it in 1529 when an Ottoman counter-attack stripped Ferdinand of all his territorial gains.
Read more about this topic: Siege Of Vienna
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