Schwarzschild is a German surname meaning "black sign" or "black shield" and may refer to:
- Karl Schwarzschild, (1873–1916), physicist and astronomer
- Martin Schwarzschild, (1912–1997), astronomer
- Steven Schwarzschild, (1924–1989), philosopher and rabbi
- Henry Schwarzschild, (1926–1996), civil rights activist
Named after Karl Schwarzschild:
- Karl Schwarzschild Medal
- Karl Schwarzschild Observatory
- Schwarzschild coordinates
- Schwarzschild metric (Schwarzschild solution, Schwarzschild geometry, Schwarzschild black hole, Schwarzschild vacuum)
- Schwarzschild radius (Schwarzschild horizon)
- Schwarzschild wormholes
- Schwarzschild criterion
- Schwarzschild effect in photography, also known as reciprocity
- Schwarzschild (lunar crater)