Measurement Techniques
There are several techniques that are used to measure the residual stress. They can be classified as destructive and non-destructive methods. Mechanical methods or dissection uses the release of stress and its associated strain after doing a cut, hole or crack. Nonlinear elastic methods as ultrasonic or magnetic techniques requires a reference sample. X-ray diffraction is a non-destructive method which allows the measurement of residual stress in isolated spots spaced distances as small as 100 micrometres. Neutron diffraction is an alternative non-destructive method which allows measurement of residual stress in isolated spots. The choice between these two techniques depends on the design of the mechanical part to be tested.
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