Multiple Reading Frames
The usage of multiple reading frames leads to the possibility of overlapping genes; there may be many of these in virus, prokaryote, and mitochondrial genomes. Some viruses, e.g. Hepatitis B virus and BYDV, use several overlapping genes in different reading frames.
In rare cases, a translating ribosome may shift from one frame to another, a translational frameshift. This is distinct from a frameshift mutation, as the nucleotide sequence (DNA or RNA) is not altered—only the frame in which it is read.
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Famous quotes containing the words multiple, reading and/or frames:
“... the generation of the 20’s was truly secular in that it still knew its theology and its varieties of religious experience. We are post-secular, inventing new faiths, without any sense of organizing truths. The truths we accept are so multiple that honesty becomes little more than a strategy by which you manage your tendencies toward duplicity.”
—Ann Douglas (b. 1942)
“They don’t advertise for killers in the newspaper. That was my profession. Ex-cop. Ex- blade runner. Ex-killer.”
—David Webb Peoples, U.S. screenwriter, and Ridley Scott. Rick Deckard, Blade Runner, reading the newspaper—his opening lines (1982)
“The bird would cease and be as other birds
But that he knows in singing not to sing.
The question that he frames in all but words
Is what to make of a diminished thing.”
—Robert Frost (1874–1963)