Phonology
The pronunciation of the Elvish languages by Elves, Men and Hobbits has been described in a variety of sources by J.R.R. Tolkien. The documentation about late Quenya phonology is contained in the Appendix E of the Lord of the Rings and the "Outline of Phonology", a text written by J.R.R. Tolkien and published in Parma Eldalemberon 19.
Tolkien based Quenya pronunciation more on Latin than on Finnish. Thus, Quenya lacks the vowel harmony and consonant gradation present in Finnish, and accent is not always on the first syllable of a word. A few phonological rules are based on Finnish, such as those for consonant clusters, or final vowels and consonants. The combination of a Latin basis with Finnish phonological rules results in a product that resembles Italian in many respects, which was Tolkien's favorite modern Romance language.
The tables below list the consonants (Q. ólamar) and vowels of late colloquial Noldorin Quenya, i.e. as Quenya was spoken among the Exiled Noldor in Middle-earth. They are written using the International Phonetic Alphabet, unless otherwise noted.
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