List of Countries Using Proportional Representation
This is a list of countries using proportional representation at national level.
| Country | Type |
|---|---|
| Albania | Party list |
| Algeria | Party list |
| Angola | Party list |
| Australia | For Senate only, Single Transferable Vote |
| Austria | Party list, 4% threshold |
| Argentina | Party list |
| Aruba | Party list |
| Belgium | Party list |
| Bolivia | Mixed Member Majoritarian |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Party list |
| Brazil | Party list |
| Bulgaria | Party list, 4 percent threshold |
| Burkina Faso | Party list |
| Burundi | Party list |
| Cambodia | Party list |
| Cape Verde | Party list |
| Colombia | Party list |
| Costa Rica | Party list |
| Croatia | Party list, 5 percent threshold |
| Curaçao | Party list |
| Cyprus | Party list |
| Czech Republic | Party list, 5 percent threshold |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | Mixed member proportional |
| Denmark | Party list |
| Dominican Republic | Party list |
| Equatorial Guinea | Party list |
| Estonia | Party list, 5 percent threshold |
| Finland | Party list |
| Germany | Mixed member proportional, 5 percent threshold |
| Greece | Party list (with plurality bonus), 3 percent threshold |
| Guinea-Bissau | Party list |
| Guyana | Party list |
| Hungary | Mixed Member Majoritarian |
| Iceland | Party list |
| India | For Upper House (Rajya Sabha) only, Single Transferable Vote by State Legislatures |
| Indonesia | Party list |
| Iraq | Party list |
| Ireland | Single Transferable Vote |
| Israel | Party list, 2 percent threshold, with fragmentation so strong that Israel held Prime ministerial elections for a period |
| Italy | Party list (with plurality bonus giving the strongest party/coalition an automatic majority) |
| Japan | Mixed Member Majoritarian |
| Latvia | Party list, 5 percent threshold |
| Lesotho | Mixed Member Majoritarian |
| Liberia | Party list |
| Liechtenstein | Party list, 8 percent threshold |
| Lithuania | |
| Luxembourg | Party list |
| Macedonia | |
| Malta | Single Transferable Vote, small constituencies (no third party got elected since 1966), with possible bonus to give House control to the biggest party |
| Mexico | Mixed Member Majoritarian |
| Moldova | Party list |
| Montenegro | Party list |
| Morocco | Party list, 6 percent threshold |
| Namibia | Party list |
| Nepal | Party list |
| Netherlands | Party list, no formal electoral threshold except the need to have enough votes for at least one seat, high fragmentation ; Prime minister is usually, but not necessarily the leader of the biggest party, but government talks may be long |
| New Caledonia | Party list |
| New Zealand | Mixed Member Proportional 5% threshold |
| Nicaragua | Party list |
| Northern Ireland | Single Transferable Vote |
| Norway | Party list |
| Paraguay | Party list |
| Peru | Party list |
| Poland | Party list, 5 percent threshold |
| Portugal | Party list |
| Romania | Mixed member proportional representation, 5 percent threshold |
| Russia | Party list |
| San Marino | Party list |
| Sao Tome and Principe | Party list |
| Scotland | Additional Members System |
| Serbia | Party list |
| Sint Maarten | Party list |
| Slovakia | Party list, 5 percent threshold |
| Slovenia | Party list, 4 percent threshold |
| South Africa | Party list |
| South Korea | Mixed-member majoritarian |
| Spain | Party list, 3 percent threshold, many small constituencies (forms a PR two-party-and-regionalists system, a result of a consensus between the right-wing, which wanted a two-party system with FPTP, and left-wing and regionalists) |
| Sri Lanka | Party list |
| Suriname | Party list |
| Sweden | Party list, 4 percent threshold |
| Switzerland | Party list |
| Taiwan | Mixed Member Majoritarian |
| Thailand | Mixed Member Majoritarian |
| Tunisia | Party list |
| Turkey | Party list, 10 percent threshold, one of the highest, set to limit representation of Kurd independentists |
| Ukraine | Party list |
| Uruguay | Party list |
| Venezuela | Mixed Member Majoritarian |
| Wales | Additional Members System |
| Wallis and Futuna | Party list |
Read more about this topic: Proportional Representation
Famous quotes containing the words list of, list, countries and/or proportional:
“Feminism is an entire world view or gestalt, not just a laundry list of women’s issues.”
—Charlotte Bunch (b. 1944)
“My list of things I never pictured myself saying when I pictured myself as a parent has grown over the years.”
—Polly Berrien Berends (20th century)
“Writing fiction has become a priestly business in countries that have lost their faith.”
—Gore Vidal (b. 1925)
“The Humanity of men and women is inversely proportional to their Numbers. A Crowd is no more human than an Avalanche or a Whirlwind. A rabble of men and women stands lower in the scale of moral and intellectual being than a herd of Swine or of Jackals.”
—Aldous Huxley (1894–1963)