Strains
Live probiotic cultures are available in fermented dairy products and probiotic fortified foods. However, tablets, capsules, powders and sachets containing the bacteria in freeze dried form are also available.
In the table below, only preliminary evidence exists for the health claims stated. Few of the strains presented have been sufficiently developed in basic and clinical research to warrant application for health claim status to a regulatory agency such as the Food and Drug Administration or European Food Safety Authority, but so far no claims have been approved.
| Probiotic Research | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Strain | Claimed potential effect in humans | ||
| Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 | May improve abdominal pain and bloating in IBS patients. May increase immune response to a viral challenge. | ||
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 | May have an effect on the gastrointestinal system. | ||
| Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis 35624 | Possible relief from abdominal pain/discomfort, bloating and constipation. | ||
| Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM | Shown in one study to reduce the side effects of antibiotic therapy. | ||
| Lactobacillus paracasei St11 (or NCC2461) | |||
| Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 (= Lactobacillus LC1, Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC533) | May reduce incidence of H. pylori-caused gastritis and may reduce inflammation | ||
| Lactobacillus plantarum 299v | May affect symptoms of IBS. | ||
| Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 (Lactobacillus reuteri SD2112) | Preliminary evidence for diarrhea mitigation in children, H. pylori infection, possible effect on gingivitis, fever in children and number of sick days in adults. | ||
| Lactobacillus reuteri Protectis (DSM 17938, daughter strain of ATCC 55730) | |||
| Saccharomyces boulardii | Limited evidence for treatment of acute diarrhea. | ||
| tested as mixture: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 & Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 |
In one study, oral ingestion resulted in vaginal colonisation and reduced vaginitis. | ||
| tested as mixture: Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM & Bifidobacterium bifidum BB-12 |
Preliminary evidence for reduced C. difficile–associated disease. | ||
| tested as mixture: Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285 & Lactobacillus casei LBC80R |
May affect digestive health. In vitro inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes and L. innocua, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. |
||
| Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL 9 & Lactobacillus paracasei 8700:2 | Under study for common cold infections. | ||
Some additional forms of lactic acid bacteria include:
- Lactobacillus bulgaricus
- Streptococcus thermophilus
- "Lactobacillus bifidus" - became new genus Bifidobacterium
Some fermented products containing similar lactic acid bacteria include:
- Pickled vegetables
- Fermented bean paste such as tempeh, miso and doenjang
- Kefir
- Buttermilk or Karnemelk
- Kimchi
- Pao cai
- Sauerkraut
- Soy sauce
- Zha cai
Read more about this topic: Probiotic
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