Technology For Characterizing Vineyard Variation
Precision viticulture uses a broad set of enabling technologies to observe and respond to vineyard variability:
- Global Positioning Systems (GPS) provide satellite-based georeferencing for mapping vineyard environmental variability.
- Meteorologic Stations monitor climatic factors important for vine growth and grape ripening, including temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind.
- Remote Sensing from satellite and airborne platforms provides images depicting vineyard conditions, for example vine productivity from normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI).
- Digital Elevation Models (DEM) provide detailed topographic information.
- High Resolution Soil Surveys provide detailed information about soil fertility and hydrologic characteristics.
- Relational Databases organize environmental and economic information.
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide digital tools for map-based analysis.
- Other Environmental Sensors monitor important biophysical factors such as solar radiation, soil moisture, and temperature regimes.
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