Differences Between Yawi and Standard Malay
The influence of Southern Thai and Pattani Malay upon each other is great, to the point that both have large numbers of loanwords from the other. The influence of the Thai language is one factor that makes comprehension between Pattani Malay and Standard Malay difficult, but there are also numerous other features that have developed in Pattani Malay that make the dialect quite different. Many of these differences involve regular sound changes. However, those regular sound changes are not all the differences, there are also words like "egg" which do not exist in standard Malay, or words loaned directly from English are transliterated directly and not related to the Malay term.
Pronunciation
- /a/ followed by a nasal consonant changes to /ɛː/
ayam ايم ('chicken') becomes aye; makan ماكن (to eat) becomes make
- /a/ at the end of syllables changes to /ɔʔ/
minta مينتا ('to ask') becomes mito
- /ah/ changes /ɔh/
rumah رومه ('house') becomes rumoh
- /a/ changes to /ɔ/
minta مينتا ('to ask') becomes mito; bewa بيوا becomes bewo
- /i/ changes to /iŋ/
sini سيني ('seat') becomes sining
- /ua/ changes to /ɔ/
buaso بواسو ('to become ordained') becomes boso
- /aj/ becomes /aː/
sungai سوڠاي ('canal') becomes sunga
- /aw/ becomes /a/
pisau ڤيساو ('knife') changes to pisa
- /ia/ before a nasal vowel changes to = /ijɛ/
siam سيام ('Siam') becomes siye
- /ia/ changes to /ɛ/
biasa بياسا ('once') becomes beso
- /s/ and /f/ at the end of syllables changes to /h/
malas مالس ('lazy') changes to malah
- /m/ and /n/ at the end of syllables changes to /ŋ/
hakim حاكيم (judge) changes to hakeng
- /r/ changes to /ʀ/
orang اورڠ ('person') becomes oghe
- final consonants are often only pronounced as a glottal stop.
bukit بوكيت ('hill') becomes buke’ (bukiʔ)
- words are distinguished between lengthened initial consonant
bule ('moon') vs. bːule ('many months'); katok ('to strike') vs. kːatok ('frog'); siku ('elbow') vs. sːiku ('hand tool')
Read more about this topic: Pattani Malay
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