Northwest Germanic - Sources

Sources

  • E.H. Antonsen, Runes and Germanic Linguistics (Mouton, 2002)
  • H.L. Kufner, "The grouping and separation of the Germanic languages" in F. van Coetsem & H.L. Kufner (eds.), Toward a Grammar of Proto-Germanic (Niemeyer, 1972)
  • H. Kuhn, "Zur Gliederung der germanischen Sprachen", in Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum 86 (1955), 1-47.
  • H.F. Nielsen, The Germanic Languages. Origins and Early Dialectal Interrelations (University of Alabama Press, 1989)
Germanic languages · Germanic philology
Language subgroups
  • North
  • East
  • West
  • North
  • East
  • Elbe
  • Weser-Rhine
  • North Sea
Reconstructed
  • Proto-Germanic
  • Proto-Germanic grammar
Historical languages
North
  • Proto-Norse
  • Old Norse
  • Old Swedish
  • Old Gutnish
  • Norn
  • Greenlandic Norse
  • Old Norwegian
East
  • Gothic
  • Crimean Gothic
  • Vandalic
  • Burgundian
West
  • Old Saxon
  • Middle Low German
  • Old High German
  • Middle High German
  • Old Frankish
  • Old Dutch
  • Middle Dutch
  • Old Frisian
  • Middle Frisian
  • Old English
  • Middle English
  • Early Scots
  • Middle Scots
  • Lombardic
  • Yola
  • Fingalian
Modern languages
  • Afrikaans
  • Alemannic
  • Danish
  • Dutch
  • English
  • Faroese
  • German
  • Gutnish
  • Icelandic
  • Limburgish
  • Low German
  • Luxembourgish
  • North Frisian
  • Norwegian
  • Saterland Frisian
  • Scots
  • Swedish
  • Vilamovian
  • West Frisian
  • Yiddish
Diachronic features
  • Grimm's law
  • Verner's law
  • Holtzmann's law
  • Sievers' law
  • Kluge's law
  • Germanic substrate hypothesis
  • West Germanic gemination
  • High German consonant shift
  • Germanic a-mutation
  • Germanic umlaut
  • Germanic spirant law
  • Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law
  • Great vowel shift
Synchronic features
  • Germanic verb
  • Germanic strong verb
  • Germanic weak verb
  • Preterite-present verb
  • Grammatischer Wechsel
  • Indo-European ablaut
Language histories
  • English (phonology)
  • Scots (phonology)
  • German
  • Dutch
  • Danish
  • Icelandic
  • Swedish

Read more about this topic:  Northwest Germanic

Famous quotes containing the word sources:

    “On board ship there are many sources of joy of which the land knows nothing. You may flirt and dance at sixty; and if you are awkward in the turn of a valse, you may put it down to the motion of the ship. You need wear no gloves, and may drink your soda-and-brandy without being ashamed of it.”
    —Anthony Trollope (1815–1882)

    “The American grips himself, at the very sources of his consciousness, in a grip of care: and then, to so much of the rest of life, is indifferent. Whereas, the European hasn’t got so much care in him, so he cares much more for life and living.”
    —D.H. (David Herbert)

    “I count him a great man who inhabits a higher sphere of thought, into which other men rise with labor and difficulty; he has but to open his eyes to see things in a true light, and in large relations; whilst they must make painful corrections, and keep a vigilant eye on many sources of error.”
    —Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)