Northrop X-21 - Testing

Testing

In initial testing there were significant problems with the porous materials and surface slots getting plugged with debris, bugs, even rain. In certain conditions, ice crystals would form due to the rapid cooling of air over those laminar surfaces abruptly disrupting laminar flow, causing rapid melting and rapid transition back to turbulent flow. Maximum achievement of 95 percent laminar flow over those areas was desired. However, the design effort was canceled due to the plugging problems.

Nevertheless, pioneering data was obtained in the X-21 flight program, including the effects of surface irregularities, boundary-layer turbulence induced by three-dimensional span-wise flow effects in the boundary layer (referred to as span-wise contamination) and degrading environmental effects such as ice crystals in the atmosphere.

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