Mathilde is an alternate spelling of the names Matilde or Matilda and could refer to:
- 253 Mathilde, an asteroid
- Mathilde (film), a 2004 film
- Matilde Camus, a Spanish poet
- Matilde di Shabran, an opera by Rossini
- Mathilde Kschessinska, a ballerina
- Princess Mathilde, a Belgian princess
- Mathilde, abbess of Essen Abbey, 971-1011