Mahoning may refer to:
- Streams
- Mahoning Creek (Allegheny River), Pennsylvania
- Mahoning River, Ohio and Pennsylvania
- Mahoning Creek (Lehigh River), in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania
- Communities
- Mahoning County, Ohio
- Mahoning Township, Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
- Mahoning Township, Carbon County, Pennsylvania
- Mahoning Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
- Mahoning Township, Montour County, Pennsylvania
- Other
- Mahoning Valley, northeast Ohio and northwest Pennsylvania