Lucena can refer to:
- Lucena, Brazil
- Lucena, Córdoba
- Lucena, Quezon in the Philippines
- New Lucena, Iloilo in the Philippines
- Luis Ramírez de Lucena 15th century chess player
- Lucena position, a chess position incorrectly named after Luis Ramírez de Lucena
- Lucena, a genus of moths in the Sphingidae family described by Rambur in 1840, but now considered to be a synonym of Mimas